Briquette and binder for the same



' kindle the briquette,

It-isianpbject og my inventionto provide a NIT D" l-+ BIRIQ'UETTEANDlBiNnEn ton 'rHE SAM-E- V Isidor Rosenwaldf l arksville;'N. Yl,assignor of one-third to Mildred Belous, Brooklyn, N. I 1 andone-tenth-tq n'i i q iH w No; lirawing: AppIicationJuly -Z ,Q1932 i Myinvention relates. to briquettes "and binders ,for the same. Moreparticularly myinvention relates to coal briquettes of relatively highporosity having their constituent'particles firmly 5 bonded and.adhering together without any danger of crumbling or disintegrationafter their formation: 1 v s v, 1

In the ordinary of coal or other fuel briquette, the constituent coalparticles are bonded together by agents desired quality. The bindingagent furthermore 15. in such type of briquette has-the tendency of;en-

tirely coating the coal particles so ,thatwhen such briquettes areusedasfuel, the bindingagent must be first burnedgbef ore the coal it:--

self is affected. Such a briquette being also compressed hasitsingredients compacted.;to-,

'gether without any air spaces or. interstices between thetcoal particlet thus] requiring more oxygen for combustion and incidentally involv ingthe use of more initial burning agent to relatively porous briquette forfuel purposes which is easy and very economic to manufacture. Anotherobject of my invention is (to provide materials and having a tion value.v s I A, further and more particular object of 'my invention is toprovide a water-proof briquette having coal particles with a smallproportion of strongly adhering bonding material, which is strong andresistant to any disintegrating and crushing actions to which briquettesare normally subjected in metallurgical and like operations. g

One other object of my invention is to provide high fuel or -combu s-' acoal briquette in which the particles of coal dust are tenaciously heldtogether in spaced relationby a bonding agent and which has air interstices or spaces between the particles to permit eflicient andcomplete combustion of the particles with maximum thermal utilizationthereof. i

t Other objects and features will be more appar-V V ent in the followingdescription and claims:-

In the preferred embodiment of my invention,

the ingredients are easy to mix, requiring little ornoskill and theoperation'to obtain the de siredbriquette requires little time and isvery economical.

thoroughly'mixed .with. an-eq quantity c5 slaked lime and the powder. fl, A it 7 w}. Once the *ioaste'has'beehiformed, a' pound of of the coalparticles and the paste.- It is" to composition since it issubsequently, driven ofi 1 coal 7 briquette made of relatively cheaprawf' and highlyresistant to disintegration.

'lygdesirable "feature particularly" when? the According to my inventionin its preferred form, I employ coal of any kind'generallyiused I asv afuel, with abi'nding agentv consisting 'of lime (CaO) ,and skimmedpowdered milk and Y water. p y Q The improved briquette is constructedas-follime (calcium oxide 2T0 thismixture is added a sufiicient quantityofv water. {reform a paste of v I strongly adhering :propertie si- The;water slakes the lime and partly tdissolvesl'the 'milk n powderftopermit a chemical action between'the coal in properly comminuted form isadded in small quantities at: a time. and-thoroughly ini jcorporated-until a uniform mixture islobtained be "understood,.uhowever, that the quantity jof water required doesv .nota'dverselyuafiectthe to obtain awater -free briquettei Also, I mayparticlesif desired in order' torobtain' a compof- [sition of,desiredjconsistency.

Once the mixture is made uniform, it'is compressed and then dried in anywell known manner to form astrong, very easily made, and cheap coalbriquette fromraw materials which are easily and readily obtainable inlarge quantities. The resultant briquette is waterproof t 9 In theformation of the adhesive binding agent, the lime, upon addition of thewater, forms slaked lime which; combines with the skimmed powdered milk.There is formed an adhesive paste of apparently colloidal characterwhich upon addition of the coal particle's phys-i" ically combines withthem. Upon drying the '1 composition, the water-therein is driven oifandthe particles are held together in spacedjapa rt relation by an adhesivein the whole mass of the. resulting briquette. or evaporating causes theformation oflairj spa-s ces orinterstices of microscopic character,while a the adhesive does not enclose the wholebody of the particlesbutapparently links the particles together; leaving the major portion ofthe" body of "the particles exposed to air. This is a highf briquettesare packed; ingafurnace and-the F5 is iii.

$9 The water in; drying he .M, -:1'0 amount; of air supplied to'thebriquettes to-aid? combustion must be regulated; for example 'in cokingand like processes;

The briquette embodying the present invention is made from raw materialswhich are easily obtainable.

7 high crushing strength, not readily disintegrating. It morever has ahigh B. t. -u. ,and is.

easily combustible, due to its somewhat porous internal structure. Thebriquette'also is easyto'make and well adapted for use inany type offurnace or stove. l

While I have disclosed a preferred embodi ment of my-invention, it is tosbefllnderstood.

that various modifications as to ingredients and proportions may be madewithout being limited.

to the embodiment herein disclosed.

This application is a continuation inpartof my application now pendingin the U. S. Patent Office under Serial No. 500,423, filed December 5,1930, Patent No. 1,891,450 granted December In'this application, I havedescribed a binder of chalk-and pot cheese, and water; the propor-.tions .ofwhich are: .three grams of chalk and three grams of cheese,per pound of coal-dust. Cheese and. chalk are first mixed inwater toform .a paste which is then combined with'the coal dust. L v The chalk(Ca'CO') of that application is new representedby lime '(Ca'O) and theconstituents -of pot Qcheese, find their counterpart in skimmed powdered.milk; The present'invention is" inclusive then: of, calcium-oxygencontaining compounds combined with the ingredients of the pot cheese orskimmed milk powder, both having non-acid caseins- The CaCOa, when used,is

dried with the pot cheese and thereby the 02.00;

calcined in whichv COjcomes off and CaO re-' mains. The constituents ofpot cheese and skimmed milk powder, are essentially, non-acidv casein,so that'the non-acid casein-and alkaline GaO, chemically combine to forma semi-colloidal product.

oughly mixed in the presence of air and water,

and when thus applied to. coal dust, the product is plastic and slightlywetted, and upon the drying of the water, theproduct becomesporous Also,the. briquette -has a I rial, lime and skimmed milk.

This product having been thor-' and filled with air chambers-the wallsof which again have openings to permit'the influx of air duringcombustion. The walls themselves form links or bridges holding one dustparticle to the other...

I The Llinks and connecting struts form bonds" for the separated coalparticles the bonds re- Q f sembling generally a honeycomb-likestructure,

so that the coal particles are air-enclosed, and

upon ignition, readily form CO, and due to the preponderance of airinflow through the porous linkage walls 'to, the ignited carbonparticle, quickly form C02,: or substantially perfect com bustion.

I claim:; 11 p I 1. A briquette having particles of fuel mate- 2. Aporous briquette for fuel purposes, comprising particles of fuelmaterial, and a bonding agent containing skimmed milk.

3. A combustible porous briquette, comprising particles of fuel materialand an adhesive agent containing lime, and skimmed milk for holding'said particles inspaced apart relation.

7 I 4."A fuel briquette, comprising coal particles, 'skimmed'milkpowder, lime and water.

i r 5. A fuel birquette, comprising coal dust, skim med milk-powder andslaked lime, and having a -mic'roscopic, substantially porous structure.

6. A fuel briquette, comprising one pound of. pulverized fuel material,five grams of powdered skimmedmilk, five grams of lime, and suflicientwater to form anadhe's'ive action between'the fuel material and the milkand lime.

"' The p ce sof making fuel briquettes con- 1 "j-ia o ias

